1. Grade A Cells These are premium-grade brand-new cells, the "top performers" rigorously screened from the production line. Their battery raw materials, manufacturing processes, energy storage capacity, charge-discharge stability and other metrics all meet industry high-quality standards, with **extremely high consistency** in key parameters such as capacity, internal resistance and voltage among cells of the same batch. They usually come with factory test data and exclusive QR codes, enabling traceability of the manufacturer, production date and other information. Their cycle life generally reaches **over 2000 cycles**. 2. Grade B Cells These are qualified brand-new cells with minor defects, the "passing performers" left after Grade A cells are screened out during production. Defects are mostly reflected in parameters—such as slight insufficient capacity, slightly high internal resistance, or negligible cosmetic scratches that do not affect basic usage; some may also be long-stocked cells. They lack complete factory traceability data, and the QR codes on some are grinded off. Their cycle life is typically **60%-80% of Grade A cells**. They are suitable for scenarios with low performance requirements such as two-wheel electric vehicles and low-speed electric vehicles, and are **20%-30% cheaper** than Grade A cells. 3. Recycled Cells Refer to second-hand cells disassembled from decommissioned old equipment such as new energy vehicles and energy storage systems. Such cells have **complex sources**, with huge variations in their previous service life and attenuation degree. A typical physical feature is **welding and grinding marks on the tabs**. Their performance is uneven: some retain good performance, while others suffer significant capacity attenuation. Professional equipment is required to test core parameters such as actual capacity and internal resistance before purchase and use, otherwise potential safety hazards may exist. 4.Grade A Recycled Cells Cells from brands like CATL (Contemporary Amperex Technology Co., Limited) that flow into the secondary market are all recycled cells, yet their quality and performance rank at the "top performer" level. This also applies to some cells from BYD, which we define as Grade A Recycled Cells. After professional testing, these cells are screened for those with **high capacity retention, low and slightly increased internal resistance, and good charge-discharge stability**. Their measured capacity can reach **over 80% of the brand-new state**, the increase in internal resistance is controlled within **20%**, and they still retain good **high-rate discharge capability**. They can meet the usage requirements of scenarios such as power tools and modified electric vehicles. ### 4. Second-Life Cells Essentially decommissioned cells that can be reused after screening—they overlap with but are **not equivalent to** recycled cells, as recycled cells only have second-life utilization value after passing professional testing. For example, when the capacity of cells decommissioned from new energy vehicles fades below the on-vehicle requirement (generally **below 80% of the nominal capacity**), if the remaining capacity is still **above 70%**, they can be used in scenarios with low energy density requirements such as energy storage systems, municipal street lamps and low-speed electric vehicles after professional testing, disassembly and recombination. Among them, those with better remaining capacity are called **semi-second-life cells**, while those whose cycle life is exhausted must be handed over to professional enterprises for recycling and regeneration, and are **strictly prohibited from flowing into the consumer market**.

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